Finned TUbe Advantages
Without the use of finned tubes, the outside surface area is not significantly greater than the inside surface area. Therefore, the fluid with the lowest heat transfer coefficient will determine the overall heat transfer rate. When the heat transfer coefficient of the fluid inside the tube is several times greater than the heat transfer coefficient of the fluid outside the tube, the overall heat transfer rate can be greatly increased by increasing the outside surface area of the tube.
Finned tubes increase the outside surface area. The use of finned tubes can increase the overall heat transfer rate. This can reduce the total number of tubes required for a particular application, thereby reducing the overall equipment size and reducing project costs in the long run. In many application cases, one finned tube can replace six or more bare tubes at less than 1/3 the cost and only 1/4 the volume.
Finned tubes are used for applications that involve transferring heat from a hot fluid to a cooler fluid through the tube wall. Typically, for air heat exchangers, where one of the fluids is air or another gas, the air side heat transfer coefficient will be much lower, so additional heat transfer surface area or finned tube exchangers are very useful. The overall flow pattern of a finned tube exchanger is usually cross flow, but can also be co-current or counter flow.
Fins are used to increase the effective surface area of the heat exchanger tubes. Additionally, finned tubes are used when the heat transfer coefficient on the outside of the tube is significantly lower than on the inside. In other words, heat is transferred from liquid to gas, from steam to gas, such as steam to air heat exchangers, and hot fluid to air heat exchangers.
The rate at which this heat transfer occurs depends on three factors - the temperature difference between the two fluids; the heat transfer coefficient between each fluid and the tube wall; and the surface area exposed to each fluid.
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